Significance Myelin is essential for the development and function of the central nervous system (CNS), and its loss or dysfunction is central to aging and
Abstract Machine learning approaches using structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) can be informative for disease classification, although their ability to predict psychosis is largely unknown.
Highlights Summary The dominant risk factors for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are advanced age and the APOE4 genetic variant. To examine how these factors alter neuroimmune function,
Abstract Conventional methods fall short in unraveling the dynamics of rare cell types related to aging and diseases. Here we introduce EasySci, an advanced single-cell
Abstract The role of the nervous system in the regulation of cancer is increasingly appreciated. In gliomas, neuronal activity drives tumour progression through paracrine signalling
Significance Functional MRI (fMRI) has proven valuable at mapping cortical activity in the brain. However, many fMRI studies may be underestimating the extent of activation
Highlights Summary The brain is generally resistant to regeneration after damage. The cerebral endogenous mechanisms triggering brain self-recovery have remained unclarified to date. We here
Abstract The insulin superfamily of peptides is essential for homeostasis as well as neuronal plasticity, learning, and memory. Here, we show that insulin-like growth factors
Summary The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a unique set of properties of the brain vasculature which severely restrict its permeability to proteins and small molecules. Classic chick-quail
Abstract Cognitive decline and hallucinations are common and debilitating non-motor symptoms, usually occurring during later phases of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Minor hallucinations (MH) appear early
Abstract Early and progressive cortico-striatal circuit alterations have been widely characterized in Huntington’s disease (HD) patients. Cortical premotor area, M2 cortex in rodents, is the
Editor’s summary Our skin provides a protective layer for our bodies, but it also enables detailed sensory feedback and soft interactions with our surroundings. Wang et
Abstract Objective To identify structural and neurochemical properties that underlie functional connectivity impairments of the primary motor cortex (PMC) and how these relate to clinical findings
Highlights Summary Neurons require large amounts of energy, but whether they can perform glycolysis or require glycolysis to maintain energy remains unclear. Using metabolomics, we
Abstract Perivascular spaces are important highways for fluid and solute transport in the brain enabling efficient waste clearance during sleep. However, the underlying mechanisms augmenting
Highlights Summary HIV-1 encounters the hierarchically organized host chromatin to stably integrate and persist in anatomically distinct latent reservoirs. The contribution of genome organization in
Abstract Cellular metabolism is important for adult neural stem/progenitor cell (NSPC) behavior. However, its role in the transition from quiescence to proliferation is not fully
Abstract White matter tracts form the structural basis of large-scale brain networks. We applied brain-wide tractography to diffusion images from 30,810 adults (U.K. Biobank) and
Abstract Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is essential for the development and function of the central nervous system (CNS). However, the brain and its interstitium have largely
Abstract Increased inflammation in major depressive disorder (MDD) has been associated with low functional connectivity (FC) in corticostriatal reward circuits and symptoms of anhedonia, relationships
Abstract Almost all brain cells contain cilia, antennae-like microtubule-based organelles. Yet, the significance of cilia, once considered vestigial organelles, in the higher-order brain functions is
Highlights Early hypotheses of claustrum function were fueled by neuroanatomical data and yielded suggestions that the claustrum is involved in processes ranging from salience detection
Significance Can one brain hemisphere perform the functions of the typical two hemispheres? Typically, in adults, there are right and left hemispheric biases for face
Abstract Sustained neuronal activity demands a rapid resupply of synaptic vesicles to maintain reliable synaptic transmission. Such vesicle replenishment is accelerated by submicromolar presynaptic Ca2+ signals
Abstract The human cerebral cortex houses 1,000 times more neurons than the cerebral cortex of a mouse, but the possible differences in synaptic circuits between
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