Abstract Airway integrity must be continuously maintained throughout life. Sensory neurons guard against airway obstruction and, on a moment-by-moment basis, enact vital reflexes to maintain
Significance Enterococci are among the most widely distributed microbes in animal gut consortia. Over 60 species have been identified, including Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium commonly found in the
Abstract Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) and gene duplication are often considered as separate mechanisms driving the evolution of new functions. However, the mobile genetic elements
Significance Mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene (CFTR) cause CF, a disease characterized by aberrant lung function, dysregulated innate immunity, and susceptibility
Abstract Despite recognition of the immediate impact of infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE) on human health, essential aspects of their molecular epidemiology
Highlights Summary Single-cell analysis in living humans is essential for understanding disease mechanisms, but it is impractical in non-regenerative organs, such as the eye and
Abstract A well-functioning placenta is essential for fetal and maternal health throughout pregnancy. Using placental weight as a proxy for placental growth, we report genome-wide
Significance Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important bacterial pathogen responsible for many serious infections worldwide. Infections are often treated with penicillin antibiotics. This provides a selection pressure
Abstract Background: A causal relationship between statin use and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is uncertain. We hypothesized that an association between long-term statin exposure and ICH risk
Highlights Summary The human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis typically causes lung disease but can also disseminate to other tissues. We identified a M. tuberculosis (Mtb) outbreak presenting with unusually high rates
Abstract Variation in the blood metabolome is intimately related to human health. However, few details are known about the interplay between genetics and the microbiome
Abstract Sudden blockage of arteries supplying the heart muscle contributes to millions of heart attacks (myocardial infarction, MI) around the world. Although re-opening these arteries
Abstract Vaginal microbiota composition affects many facets of reproductive health. Lactobacillus iners-dominated microbial communities are associated with poorer outcomes, including higher risk of bacterial vaginosis (BV),
The emergence and global dissemination of the mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes have threatened the use of colistin (polymyxin E), a last-resort antibiotic, in the
As we begin our lives, we get a little older every day. This biological process is irreversible and, with increasing lifespan, is accompanied by a
Our Oldest Companions: The Story of the First Dogs Pat Shipman Belknap (2021) Several years ago, strolling through Washington Square Park in New York City, I found
Abstract Within the first month of human gestation, the heart begins to contract, even though it is still undergoing morphogenesis, including the development of valves
Timing is said to be the secret to comedy and to success in life, but it could also be one of the secrets to a
Abstract Objective The Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Case Ascertainment Tool (FAMCAT) has been proposed to enhance case finding in primary care. In this study, we test application of
O ver the weekend, the city of Eluru in southern India was slammed with a mysterious illness that has hospitalized more than 550 people with
Biomedical engineers at Duke University have shown that the efficacy of a two-pronged type 2 diabetes treatment increases when the drugs are linked by a
The US Food and Drug Administration has given Emergency Use Authorization to a fifth saliva-based test for COVID-19. The low-cost and noninvasive procedure developed by the Yale
Valneva SE (“Valneva”), a specialty vaccine company focused on prevention of diseases with major unmet needs, today announced positive initial results for its first Phase
Highlights •Psychological stress triggers vaso-occlusive episodes (VOEs) in sickle cell disease •Stress-induced VOEs depend on the microbiota •The stress response is enabled by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal
In mid-March, pathologist Sigurd Lax pulled on a water-repellant surgery coat, a surgical cap, special booties to cover his shoes, a respiratory mask, and two pairs of
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