Highlights •An efficient pipeline to generate LoF alleles in hiPSC using DNA base editing •22 LoF alleles of neuropsychiatric risk genes were generated on 3
Abstract Brain computation performed by billions of nerve cells relies on a sufficient and uninterrupted nutrient and oxygen supply1,2. Astrocytes, the ubiquitous glial neighbours of
Abstract An inter-regional cortical tract is one of the most fundamental architectural motifs that integrates neural circuits to orchestrate and generate complex functions of the
Editor’s summary RNA is generally considered a short-lived mediator of genetic information. Zocher et al. discovered that certain nuclear RNAs produced during postnatal development can persist
Significance Myelin is essential for the development and function of the central nervous system (CNS), and its loss or dysfunction is central to aging and
Abstract The brain’s functionality is developed and maintained through synaptic plasticity. As synapses undergo plasticity, they also affect each other. The nature of such ‘co-dependency’
Abstract The insulin superfamily of peptides is essential for homeostasis as well as neuronal plasticity, learning, and memory. Here, we show that insulin-like growth factors
Editor’s summary Our skin provides a protective layer for our bodies, but it also enables detailed sensory feedback and soft interactions with our surroundings. Wang et
Significance Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) hyperactivity is an important driver of pathology in neurodegeneration. Normally, Cdk5 is regulated by association with its co-activators p35 or p39.
Highlights Summary HIV-1 encounters the hierarchically organized host chromatin to stably integrate and persist in anatomically distinct latent reservoirs. The contribution of genome organization in
Abstract Sustained neuronal activity demands a rapid resupply of synaptic vesicles to maintain reliable synaptic transmission. Such vesicle replenishment is accelerated by submicromolar presynaptic Ca2+ signals
Highlights •Nav1.8+CGRP+ nociceptors neighbor goblet cells and induce rapid mucus secretion •Commensals trigger CGRP release, which signals to Ramp1 expressed by goblet cells •Nociceptor or Ramp1
Abstract Astrocytes negatively impact neuronal development in many models of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDs); however, how they do this, and if mechanisms are shared across disorders,
Abstract The human cerebral cortex houses 1,000 times more neurons than the cerebral cortex of a mouse, but the possible differences in synaptic circuits between
Significance The neurotransmitter dopamine controls normal behavior and dopaminergic dysfunction is prevalent in multiple brain diseases. To reach a detailed understanding of how dopamine release
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by accumulation of misfolded proteins. Genetic studies implicate microglia, brain-resident phagocytic immune cells, in AD pathogenesis. As positive effectors, microglia
Highlights •Mobile MAPK-associated scaffold proteins are required for AMPAR transport •MAPKKs and MAPKs are required for loading scaffold proteins onto kinesin motors •CaMKII is required
Highlights • Dp16 mouse model of Down syndrome exhibits Deficits in Spatial Learning and Memory.• GM-CSF improves spatial memory in Dp16 and WT mice.• GM-CSF
Significance Our results demonstrate that connexin 43 hemichannels are the conduits for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) astrocyte-mediated motor neuron toxicity and disease spread, acting as
Abstract Background A growing body of research has demonstrated that adolescent offspring of depressed parents show diminished responding in the ventral striatum to reward. More
Highlights •The N terminus of ApoE binds to PIPs and TAG in an isoform-specific manner •Lean astrocytes secrete cholesterol-loaded ApoE; this is unaffected by polymorphism
Abstract:SARS-CoV-2 infects less than 1% of cells in the human body, yet it can cause severe damage ina variety of organs. Thus, deciphering the non-cell
Abstract Although APOE ε4 carriers are at substantially higher risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease than noncarriers1, controversial evidence suggests that APOE ε4 might confer some advantages, explaining the survival
Abstract Myelination plays an important role in cognitive development and in demyelinating diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS), where failure of re-myelination promotes permanent neuro-axonal damage.
Infectious pathogens are among the strongest selective forces in mammalian evolution, allowing resistance alleles to emerge and spread over time. The host inflammatory response to
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