Highlights Summary Macrophages elicit immune responses to pathogens through induction of inflammatory genes. Here, we examined the role of three variants of the SWI/SNF nucleosome
Abstract Determining whether the RNA isoforms from medically relevant genes have distinct functions could facilitate direct targeting of RNA isoforms for disease treatment. Here, as
Highlights Summary The hypoblast is an essential extraembryonic tissue set aside within the inner cell mass in the blastocyst. Research with human embryos is challenging.
Abstract BACKGROUND Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS-1) is a life-threatening, autosomal recessive syndrome caused by autoimmune regulator (AIRE) deficiency. In APS-1, self-reactive T cells
Abstract Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are amongst the most common nosocomial infections worldwide and are difficult to treat partly due to development of multidrug-resistance
Abstract A key barrier to the development of vaccines that induce broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other viruses of high
Highlights Summary RNA splicing is pivotal in post-transcriptional gene regulation, yet the exponential expansion of intron length in humans poses a challenge for accurate splicing.
Abstract The analysis of neural circuits has been revolutionized by optogenetic methods. Light-gated chloride-conducting anion channelrhodopsins (ACRs)—recently emerged as powerful neuron inhibitors. For cells or
Significance Multicellular organisms synthesize a specific set of proteins in each cell type to enable cellular differentiation and functions. These proteins interact with each other
Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) function as natural delivery vectors and mediators of biological signals across tissues. Here, by leveraging these functionalities, we show that EVs
Abstract p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) signaling pathways substantially overlap with degenerative networks active in Alzheimer disease (AD). Modulation of p75NTR with the first-in-class small molecule LM11A-31
Highlights Summary Peripheral CD8+ T cell tolerance is a checkpoint in both autoimmune disease and anti-cancer immunity. Despite its importance, the relationship between tolerance-induced states and other
Highlights Summary Plasmid-encoded type IV-A CRISPR-Cas systems lack an acquisition module, feature a DinG helicase instead of a nuclease, and form ribonucleoprotein complexes of unknown
Abstract Circulating proteins can reveal key pathways to cancer and identify therapeutic targets for cancer prevention. We investigate 2,074 circulating proteins and risk of nine
Abstract BACKGROUND Standard treatment with neoadjuvant nivolumab plus chemotherapy significantly improves outcomes in patients with resectable non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Perioperative treatment (i.e., neoadjuvant therapy
Abstract Developing vehicles that efficiently deliver genes throughout the human central nervous system (CNS) will broaden the range of treatable genetic diseases. We engineered an
Editor’s summary Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) harbor high frequencies of pro-inflammatory B cells, which promote inflammation; yet, it is unclear how cytokine production in
Abstract Metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) poses a significant therapeutic challenge with high mortality rates. Utilizing CRISPR-Cas9 in vivo, we target five potential tumor suppressor genes
Highlights Summary Recent findings show that effective integration of novel information in the brain requires coordinated processes of homo- and heterosynaptic plasticity. In this work,
Abstract Psychedelic substances such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin show potential for the treatment of various neuropsychiatric disorders1,2,3. These compounds are thought to
Highlights Summary Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) is a promising target for adjuvants utilized in in situ cancer vaccination approaches. However, key barriers remain for clinical translation,
Abstract Chromatin modifications are linked with regulating patterns of gene expression, but their causal role and context-dependent impact on transcription remains unresolved. Here we develop
Abstract Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)–T cell therapy shows impressive efficacy treating hematologic malignancies but requires further optimization in solid tumors. Here, we developed a TMIGD2
Abstract Phosphoinositide-3-kinase-γ (PI3Kγ) is implicated as a target to repolarize tumour-associated macrophages and promote antitumour immune responses in solid cancers1,2,3,4. However, cancer cell-intrinsic roles of
Highlights Summary Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) is essential for recognition of RNA viruses and initiation of antiviral immunity. TLR7 contains two ligand-binding pockets that recognize
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