Abstract Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is prototypical autoimmune disease driven by pathological T cell–B cell interactions1,2. Expansion of T follicular helper (TFH) and T peripheral
Abstract The presence of autoantibodies is a defining feature of many autoimmune diseases. The number of unique autoantibody clones is conceivably limited by immune tolerance
Abstract Signaling pathways that drive gene expression are typically depicted as having a dozen or so landmark phosphorylation and transcriptional events. In reality, thousands of
Abstract Cellular entry of the hepatitis B and D viruses (HBV/HDV) requires binding of the viral surface polypeptide preS1 to the hepatobiliary transporter Na+-taurocholate co-transporting
Abstract Allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a safe treatment option for many disorders of the immune system. However, clinical trials using MSCs have shown
Editor’s summary Activation of the DNA sensing cGAS/STING pathway in tumors has opposing host-protective or tumor-promoting responses, depending on the tissue context. STING is broadly
Abstract Acute gastroenteritis caused by human noroviruses (HuNoVs) is a significant global health and economic burden and is without licensed vaccines or antiviral drugs. The
Abstract Whether CD8+ T lymphocytes control human immunodeficiency virus infection by cytopathic or non-cytopathic mechanisms is not fully understood. Multiple studies highlighted non-cytopathic effects, but one
Editor’s summary Healthcare-associated infections are a leading threat to patient safety during hospital stays, and strategies to prevent such infections are lacking. Here, Yan et al.
Editor’s summary Dendritic cells (DCs) migrate over long distances to shuttle antigen from peripheral tissues to lymph nodes. Immune cell trafficking is mediated by chemotactic
Abstract In atherosclerosis, some regulatory T (Treg) cells become exTreg cells. We crossed inducible Treg and exTreg cell lineage-tracker mice (FoxP3eGFP−Cre-ERT2ROSA26CAG-fl-stop-fl-tdTomato) to atherosclerosis-prone Apoe−/− mice, sorted Treg cells and exTreg cells and
Abstract The physiological functions of mast cells remain largely an enigma. In the context of barrier damage, mast cells are integrated in type 2 immunity
Significance The ability of cells to sense and respond to mechanical forces underlies many important processes in biology, from morphogenesis to cancer metastasis. However, whether
Dendritic cells save the day Dendritic cells are a key part of the immune system and are critical for antitumor immunity because they help to
Catching out cap snatching Some virus families hijack part of their hosts’ RNA to enable their own replication in a process called cap snatching. Before
Significance Macrophages are innate immune cells that use pattern recognition receptors such as the toll-like receptors (TLRs) to sense danger. Individual TLRs detect danger in
Abstract A highly effective malaria vaccine remains elusive despite decades of research. Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite vaccine (PfSPZ Vaccine), a metabolically active, nonreplicating, whole parasite vaccine demonstrated safety
Long-lived plasma cell production High-affinity antibodies that provide durable protective immunity are produced by long-lived bone marrow plasma cells that differentiate from germinal center (GC)
Highlights • L108F in MPXV DNA polymerase emerged in the 2022 outbreak.• L108F can enhance DNA binding affinity, processivity and drug sensitivity of F8L.• Mutation
Abstract The emergence of Zika virus (ZIKV) as a global health threat has highlighted the unmet need for ZIKV-specific vaccines and antiviral treatments. ZIKV infects
Abstract We developed a new chimeric M2e and H3 hemagglutinin (HA) stalk protein vaccine (M2e-H3 stalk) by genetic engineering of modified H3 stalk domain conjugated
A new mouse study by researchers from Tel Aviv University and collaborators demonstrates a potential new treatment for AIDS which may be developed into a
Abstract The VP8* domain of spike protein VP4 in group A and C rotaviruses, which cause epidemic gastroenteritis in children, exhibits a conserved galectin-like fold
Abstract Severe COVID-19 is characterized by persistent lung inflammation, inflammatory cytokine production, viral RNA, and sustained interferon (IFN) response all of which are recapitulated and
KEY POINTS pDCs follow a multi-step adhesion cascade to home to VAT that changes upon HFD. pDCs localize in lymphoid clusters with increased density and
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