Exosomes (versatile, cell-derived nanovesicles naturally endowed with exquisite target-homing specificity and the ability to surmount in vivo biological barriers) hold substantial promise for developing exciting
Emerging evidence indicates that the immune system can influence microbiome composition. Chen et al. now report that patients with active ulcerative colitis have low expression
Polio is nearly eradicated. Now much of the risk of polio outbreaks comes not from wild poliovirus but from the oral vaccine, which comprises attenuated
In 2015, 17 million HIV-infected individuals worldwide were on antiretroviral drug therapies, which are remarkably effective in suppressing the virus. Yet, 6000 people a day
Scientists working to slow the spread of a deadly facial cancer through populations of the Tasmania’s iconic marsupial Sarcophilus harrisii, or the Tasmanian devil, have
The substitution of valine for glutamic acid in the β-chain of hemoglobin S (HbS) is associated with the formation of hemoglobin polymers that promote vaso-occlusion,
Juno Therapeutics has halted development of JCAR015, its lead chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell cancer immunotherapy indicated for adults with relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Kite Pharma today reported positive 6-month data from its pivotal ZUMA-1 trial for its lead chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell candidate axicabtagene ciloleucel (formerly KTE-C19)
Members of the interleukin-17 (IL-17) family of proinflammatory cytokines are important in the immune response to infections. However, too much IL-17 signaling is associated with
Immunotherapies have shown unprecedented efficacy in the treatment of several cancers, including melanoma and lymphoma, and they are now in clinical trials for many others.
In a first-in-human trial of an anti-CD22 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in children and young adults with relapsed and refractory acute lymphocytic leukemia, researchers
The morbidity and economic tolls of influenza virus are huge, regardless of its capacity to kill. Vaccines and therapies to control this persistent threat are
A genetically manipulated version of the gastroenteritis-causing bacteria Salmonella typhimurium is a potent destroyer of mouse tumors, according to a report published today (February 8)
A ruthless killer may soon help brain cancer patients. The rabies virus, which kills tens of thousands of people a year, has a rare ability
Contemporary immunotherapies (e.g., immune checkpoint inhibitors), which enhance the immune response to cancer cells, improve clinical outcomes in several malignancies. A recent study reported the
Polio is nearly eradicated. But vaccine campaigns will continue in case, for example, some remaining infections go undetected. With the current technology, the need to
There is now sufficient evidence to conclude that the mosquito-borne Zika virus causes brain-related birth defects such as microcephaly, and triggers Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS), according
There is now sufficient evidence to conclude that the mosquito-borne Zika virus causes brain-related birth defects such as microcephaly, and triggers Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS), according
Zika is a mosquito-borne, sexually transmissible virus that is now known to cause a variety of birth defects. The ongoing epidemic of Zika virus infection
Last month (November 11), a Japanese team of researchers published a study in Scientific Reportsdescribing the negative outcomes suffered by mice given the vaccine for
Viromes from a variety of environments harbor antibiotic resistance genes, according to a study published last month (November 24) in Environmental Pollution. The results suggest
This year’s Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Yoshinori Ohsumi for the discovery of the molecular principles governing autophagy, an intracellular
After decades of frustration, efforts to develop antibodies that can ferry drugs into cancer cells — and minimize damage to healthy tissue — are gathering
Detection of viral RNAs causes oligomerization of mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS) protein, which leads to the production of type I interferons (IFNs). Buskiewicz et al.
Antibodies that block CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T lymphocyte–associated antigen 4) and PD-1 (programmed death 1) allow T cells to launch antitumor immune responses. Although these checkpoint
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